Seven mixing plans with, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% of SLAG in powdered form replaced part of the cement and the specimens were made at the ages of 28, 56, 91 and 120 days. They were subjected to the necessary tests. Slump tests, specific weight of fresh concrete, compressive strength, tensile strength of halving, electrical resistance, volumetric water absorption and depth of water penetration of the specimens made from reference concrete and cement-SLAG were performed. The results showed that the SLAG powder had no significant effect on mechanical properties of the specimens until the age of 56 days, but with the passage of time, the compressive strength of the specimen containing 40% SLAG at the age of 120 days was 1% compared to the reference specimen. In terms of tensile strength, specimens containing 30% SLAG at the age of 120 days showed an increase of 4% compared to the reference specimen; although the increase of 1% seems insignificant, but it indicates that until the age of 120 days, the SLAG has a positive effect on compressive strength, it is worth mentioning. The percentage of water absorption at the age of 120 days in the specimen containing 40% SLAG showed an increase of 3.4% compared to the reference specimen. In addition, the electrical resistance of the specimen containing 40% SLAG at the age of 120 days decreased by 37% and the water penetration depth in the specimen containing 40% SLAG increased by 2.8 mm compared to the reference specimen.

A salt roasting-water leaching process was adopted for the recovery of vanadium from STEEL making converter SLAG produced at Isfahan STEEL plant. A mixture of SLAG and sodium carbonate was palletized and roasted under various conditions. The effects of roasting parameters such as temperature, sodium carbonate content of the mixture, particle size, oxygen content of gas atmosphere and time were studied. The highest efficiency of roasting was achieved at 850°C with salt (sodium carbonate) to SLAG weight ratio of 0.5 and SLAG powder particle size of - 246μm. It was observed that the oxygen partial pressure in gas atmosphere has a little effect on the roasting efficiency. This observation is in accordance with the form of vanadium in the SLAG which is in pentavalent state as revealed by XRD analysis. To extract vanadium compounds, the roasted products were leached in hot water under optimum conditions reported in the literature. Vanadium compounds were precipitated from the solution and was analyzed by XRD and XRF techniques where in β-Na4V2O7 and V3O4 detected.

Introduction: The STEEL SLAG is the main by-product of STEEL industry. The aim of this study using the STEEL SLAG as a low-cost absorbent in order to remove cadmium pollutant from industrial wastewater.Methods and Materials: Some factors that affect the process of cadmium removal by STEEL SLAG such as PH, contact time, absorbent dosage and cadmium initial concentration has been studied. Standard solution of synthetic wastewater including cadmium has been prepared by adding Chloride Cadmium to distilled water and concentrations in the range of 5-25 mg/l have been reached.Results: The results show that in optimum conditions, the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution with concentration about 25mg/l and 60min contact time is about 99%. The experimental data of adsorption equilibrium have been analyzed according to adsorption kinetics models and Freundlich and Longmuir adsorption isotherms. The physical, chemical and morphological features of the STEEL SLAG have been determined by XRD, XRF and SEM techniques, too.Conclusions: The result of the experiments determined that the STEEL SLAG could be used as an effective and low-cost method in removing cadmium from industrial wastewater.

Moisture damage, sometimes called stripping, is the progressive deterioration of asphalt mixtures due to loss of adhesion between the asphalt binder and the aggregate surface and/or loss of cohesion within the binder due to the infiltration of water. Stripping usually begins in the bottom of the HMA layer, then, travels upward. A typical situation is a gradual loss of strength over a period of years, which causes rutting and shoving to develop in the wheel path. Many times, stripping is difficult to identify, because surface indicators may take years to show. This type of damage in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is a major cause of pavement failure in tropical regions.There are many possible causes of stripping and inadequate surface drainage or sub-surface drainage is a primary contributor. There are many proposed remedial actions to alleviate the stripping phenomena of asphalt mixtures, such as using anti-stripping agents, lime slurry with compatible aggregates and modified binders.This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using E.A.F STEEL SLAG aggregate in HMA mixtures to reduce their stripping phenomena.STEEL SLAG is a byproduct that makes 15 to 20% of the iron-processing product in an integrated STEEL mill. Every year, significant quantities of STEEL SLAG are produced as a by-product of STEEL industries in Iran. Although it can be used as an artificial source of aggregates in the pavement industry, it is disposed for landfills. In this research, the chemical and physical properties of the STEEL SLAG were evaluated first. Then, 50% and 100% of the limestone, as fine, coarse and total aggregate in the asphalt mixture was replaced by EAF, and the moisture sensitivity of the mixes was evaluated. The results showed that the use of STEEL SLAG as the coarse portion of the aggregates will enhance Marshall stability, resilient modulus, tensile strength and resistance to the moisture damage of HMA mixtures.

Improving the physical properties of soil using industrial waste has always been of interest to researchers And it becomes more important when Accumulation of huge volume of borrowed Soil resulting from the development of Civil projects Due to improper engineering characteristics For reuse in Civil projects Cause a lot of problems. On the other hand Given that Iran is one of the hubs of STEEL production and Huge volumes of STEEL furnace SLAG are produced and accumulated annually in this country, It is necessary for the optimal recycling of this waste Conduct comprehensive research in various fields of science and technology. One of the goals for the optimal use of this waste, Their use is in soil improvement for use in road construction. The present study is based on the improvement of accumulated fine-grained soil in Mobarakeh STEEL area Using processed STEEL SLAG in the size of 0 to 25 mm, Has been studied For use in road construction. Engineering properties of loan soil in Mobarakeh STEEL Plant (Saba area), Includes Liquid Limit and Plasticity Index, classification and seive size, After sampling from different parts, Preparation and testing in the laboratory Was initially examined According to the specifications of road building materials, Soil unsuitable for use in road construction was identified. Eventually, by performing step by step experiments, Soil engineering properties were modified using different percentages of STEEL SLAG And achieve a suitable mixture for use in road construction. Also compare the geotechnical properties of soil samples to the samples of soil and SLAG mixture obtained Showed that these properties improved significantly by increasing the percentage of SLAG.

Foam glass-ceramics are porous material with the desired strength. In this work, STEEL SLAG was mixed with soda lime glass in (20, 40, 50, 60, 70 wt. %, denoted by SG20, SG40, SG50, SG60, SG70) and 5 wt. % SiC. Giving to Hot stage microscopy images, glass-SLAG composite's contraction starts at 1050º C. According to the SEM micrographs the tunnel-like pore porosity resulted from the decomposition of carbide phase were formed. The sizes of pors varies in 500-1000 μ m range. More over by the 50 wt. % soda lime glass addition and sintering at 1200 ° C, the spherical porosity were formed and the size of the porosity were reduced to 50 μ m in these composites. Also, by the the glassy phase increasing, the total porosity was increased to 80%, the density decreased to 0. 8g / cm3in SG40. This composite as a porous material has 2 to 5 MPa bending strengths. Wollastonite phase was detected in these composite.

STEEL SLAGs are the by products of STEEL industries, which forms during reduction process of iron melting. The chemical composition of it changes depending to the melting procedure. Its mineralogical composition also varies based on the cooling procedure. Two different types of STEEL SLAG were used as absorbing bed for various concentrations of Pb2+ ions in the form of lead chloride, and the concentrations of lead ions were measured in the effluent by atomic absorption spectroscopy. When Electric Arc Furnace SLAG (EAFS) which is a basic crystalline SLAG was used in the presence of various concentrations of Pb2+, ranging from 2mg/lit up to 10 mg/lit.  The concentration of lead ions dramatically decreased in the first thirty 30 minute and the remaining ions were absorbed up to 48 hours that the reaction was continuing but with slower rate.  Almost the same thing happened when granulated blast furnace SLAG (GBFS) which is also a basic SLAG but in the amorphous mineralogical form, was used as the absorbing bed. The extent of ion removal from the solution was much lower compared to EAFS. Based on the results of this study, both types of SLAGs can be used as industrial filters for reduction of lead ions from industrial waste waters.   

In this Study, vanadium recovery from the STEELmaking converter SLAG was studied. Salt roasting-basic leaching is the process which was applied to separate and extract vanadium from STEEL making SLAG. Ground SLAG was roasted after mixing with determined quantities of sodium carbonate. The effect of time and temperature of roasting and sodium carbonate content were studied. The optimum temperature, time and sodium carbonate content in the roasting process were found to be 1000°C, 45 min and 10%, respectively.Temperature, time, leachant concentration and particle size were optimized for leaching process. It was determined that sodium carbonate is the major leaching agent in comparison with sodium hydroxide. The most suitable conditions for leaching process was found to be 80°C, 60 min, sodium carbonate to sodium hydroxide mass ratio of 40-50:10 and particle size between 100 and 120 mesh. More than 80% of vanadium was recovered under optimum conditions.

Industries produce large amounts of electric induction furnace STEEL SLAG (EIF) and copper SLAG (CuS) as waste, and their disposal poses serious economic and environmental issues. The use of these SLAGs in pavement could ease environmental concerns and promote the conservation of non-renewable resources. This paper is based on an experimental investigation into the potential for employing EIF and CuS at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% as a partial replacement of fine Natural Granite Aggregate (NGA), whose size ranges from 4.75 mm to 0.075 mm, in producing dense Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixes. The physical, chemical, morphological, and expansive properties of EIF and CuS were investigated. The Marshall method of mix design was adopted to produce HMA mixes. The results showed that for EIF-based HMA mixes, stability, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), and rutting resistance increased, whereas for CuS-based HMA mixes, these properties decreased but satisfied their required permissible criteria. The Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) of EIF and CuS-based HMA mixes was found to be increased. The findings of this study indicated a high possibility for using EIF and CuS as aggregates, and a replacement level of 20% of these SLAGs in HMA mixes was suggested as optimal.